Who leads and who does what? Multi-agency coordination, community engagement and public-private partnerships

Advancing the idea of “resilience” in societies in general, and in cities from a more specific point of view, the topic of violent or violence-promoting extremism certainly has to be addressed along with the efforts to prevent and/or counter such extremist movements. This holds true for literally all cities in the European Union, albeit with different centres of gravity. Be it “traditional” political extremism – in left-wing or right-wing form – nationalist/separatist movements, or extremist religious ideologies or those with religious overtones, the political landscape has undergone some troubling developments over the last years, placing the topic of violent extremism high on any government’s agenda.